Analysis of toxic substance and metal in some poisonous mushrooms

Mushrooms, which have been used as poison, drug, and food for centuries, are used today as an essential source of protein. However, serious body damages and even events resulted in dead are found because some people who are not expert at the diagnosis of mushroom species gain and eat mushrooms by hearsay information. In addition to these mushroom poisons, heavy metals in mushrooms harm various organs, cause worse results, and accelerate the death.In this study, it has been made the quantitative analysis of different poisons in different mushroom species and the amount of metal in the mushrooms. For this purpose, Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) Imbach consumed as cultivated mushroom, Amanita phalloides (Vaill. Ex Fr.) Link, Amanita pantherina (DC.) Krombh. as poisonous mushroom species, and Amanita muscaria (L.) Lam. collected in Rize, Trabzon, and Düzce, have been analyzed. Alpha amanitin and Amanita pantherina in Amanita phalloides, and muscimol poisons in Amanita muscaria have been analysed by HPLC. The elements Ag, Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Ti, V, Zn in the mushrooms have been analysed by ICP-MS, and the metal Hg has been analysed by graphite furnaced AAS. Furthermore, the proportional amounts of the elements C, N, H, S, and O have been analysed by elemental analyser. Determination of binding forms of metal has been made by X-RD device.According to experimental results, different amounts of poison and different metal levels even in Amanita muscaria mushrooms collected from different areas as well as the amounts of metal?s being in different values in different mushroom species have been seen. In the analysis made by X-RD device, it has been seen that the metals are bound in amorphous structure.