The Fifth Crusade

As a result of the First Crusade started in 1097, Franks stuck like a dagger in The Islamic world and founded a state in Edessa, Antioch, Jerusalem and Tripoli. The Second (1147) and the Third Crusade (1190) which were organized due to The Muslims taking Edessa in 1044 and Jerusalem in 1087 did not bring success to Franks. The Forth Crusade, which departed to go to Outremer deviated from its target and ended with the invasion of Istanbul. In 1212, thousands of children from France and Germany have taken action with the motto "innocent children will succeed in what the adults could not" however, they have failed and been sorrowfully destroyed. In the face of these failures, Pope Innocent III mobilized the whole Europe for The Fifth Crusade to preserve the shaky authority of the church. The Crusaders, who identified Egypt as their primary goal, took possession of Damietta in 1219 despite of difficulties. The Cardinal Pelagius, who had not anticipated the arrival of the Emperor Frederich II and had The Crusaders on Cairo, did not take into account the rising waters of the Mediterranean and the Nile. The Crusaders, whose headquarters is inundated, have had to make a treaty with Sultan al-Kâmil of Ayyûbid. They restituted Damietta to The Muslims and returned to their countries discreditably. Key Words; Innocent III, Crusades, Pelagius, Jerusalem, Damietta, al-Kâmil.