Composer, musicologist Kemal İlerici's "Bestecilik Bakımından Turk Müziği ve Armonisi" and his student M. Ertuğrul Bayraktarkatal's makam harmony approaches

During the Tanzimat period, In the Ottoman Empire, as in every field, there is modernization movement in the field of music. In this process, from the period of the 19th century Ottoman Empire to the 20th century the modern Turkish Republic, Turkish music was discussed in many aspects. One of the ideas that emerged during the period of modernization is the application of harmony to Turkish music. The harmonization of Turkish music melodies started with Donizetti Pasha in Muzika-yi Hümâyun and it continued after that. In this period, the search began for a harmony rules that emerged from the structure of Turkish music. Composer and musicologist Kemal İlerici (1910-1986) published "Bestecilik Bakımından Türk Müziği ve Armonisi", in 1970 for the first time. In this work, he studied Turkish music in detail with his melody analysis methods. He chose makam Hüseynî as a solution to the problems of Turkish music. Based on this, the makam harmony of Kemal İlerici is seen as important in the history of Turkish music modernization in terms of the new resonance possibilities for composers. The İlerici system is the first comprehensive and specific harmonic proposition in Turkish music. Kemal İlerici transferred his system to many students. M. Ertuğrul Bayraktarkatal is one of the students who had taken lectures from İlerici for a long time and has full knowledge of his system. In this study, the approach of his student to the İlerici system and the new makam theory "Melodic Makam Nuclei", which is given the İlerici system new harmonic possibilities, were examined.