Bir otoyol tünelini kullanarak emisyon faktörlerinin belirlenmesi ve türetilmesi

Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, total suspended solids and sixteen polyaromatic hydrocarbon compounds including naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benz(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranhene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, indeno(1,2,3,cd)pyrene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene were investigated in the tunnel air of the Karşıyaka tunnels in Izmir, with the aim to calculate emission factors based on tunnel sampling data and estimations by the vehicle emission simulator MOVES. Karşıyaka tunnel air sampling was carried out at two locations in the tunnel and in two seasons (winter and summer) to study seasonal variations of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sixteen poly aromatic hydrocarbons. As a result of the tunnel measurements, emission factors are calculated as 2263.34 and 1047.1 milligrams per vehicle per kilometer for carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, respectively. The highest polyaromatic hydrocarbon emission factor determined for naphthalene was 110.27 micrograms per vehicle per kilometer, if the concentrations of gaseous and particulate phase polyaromatic hydrocarbons are taken as total concentration. Average emission factor of particulate matter smaller than 10 micrometer diameter are calculated as 67.11 milligrams per vehicle per kilometer. Emission factor for total suspended solids was determined as 159.99 milligrams per vehicle per kilometer. Emission factors were also estimated using the vehicle emission model MOVES. The average difference between the results of modeling with the results of the samples was 6 percent. Keywords: Carbon monoxide, emission factors, motor vehicle emission simulator (MOVES), nitrogen oxides, poly aromatic hydrocarbons.