Biyolojik ve inorganik gübrelerin Echinacea purpurea'da herba ve kök verimleri ve kaliteye etkileri

Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) is an ornamental-medicinal plant, which belongs to Asteraceae family. It has long been used as a long time in herbal medicine. In order to study the effects of biological and chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yields of purple coneflower, an experiment was conducted at Research Station for Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran, in 2010-2011 and 2011-2012. The trial was arranged based on a randomised complete block design, with eight treatments and three replications per treatment. Treatments included (1) control (no fertilizers); (2) nitrogen-fixing, (3) bacteria: Azospirillum lipoferum, (4) Azotobacter chrococum; (5) phosphorus solubilising bacterium Pseudomonas fluorecens; (6) Glomus intraradices inoculum; (7) the mixture of the three bacteria; and (8) the mixture of the three bacteria plus the mycorrhizal inoculum. In this study, the mixture of the three bacteria + the fungus improved such important parameters as dry weight of shoots, root dry weight, and number of inflorescences per plant by 40.42%, 60.02%, and 65.68%, respectively (compared to those of the control). According to the results of HPLC, Catechin content was the high at herbage both two years, in addition to the best results have been taken from the AL and AC with the control. Cafeic acid, Chlorogenic acid and Epicatechin contents were higher during first year of the herbage and generally control, AC and AL implementations have been high. Ferulic acid was high in the herbage during first year and generally high values were obtained from PF and GI applications. Quercetin content was high root part of plant during first year with AC application.