The evaluation of confectionary sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars and populations for yield and quality components

This study was performed to determine yield and some quality components of confectionary sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) populations collecting from different regions of Turkey in Tekirdağ conditions andto select superior genotypes for next generations of breeding program. The study was carried out at Research area of Field Crops Department of Agricultural Faculty of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University in Tekirdağduring 2015 and 2016 growth seasons. The trial was established according to the randomized block designwith three replications. As research material, 22 populations (Balıkkesir-1, Balıkkesir-2, Kayseri, Hoşköy, Haliçköy-1, Haliçköy-2, Haliçköy-3, Mardin, Sivas, Aksaray-1, Aksaray-2, Gaziantep, Konya, Karaman, Nevşehir, M. Kula-1, M. Kula-2, Nevada, Ala, Arjantin, Kalifornia, Amerikan), two registered cultivars (09 TRÇ 004 and Palancı-1), one genotypes with production permit (TTAE ÇRZ 13-10) and four canditate for registered cultivars (TTAE-ÇRZ 13-4, TTAE ÇRZ-13-6, TTAE ÇRZ 13-7 ve TTAE ÇRZ 13-9) were used, In this study, days number from sowing to 50% flowering, days number from sowing toend of flowering, plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, 1000 achenes weight, achene hull content, achene length, achene width, oil content, protein content, the seed yield per decare were investigated. According to the results of the study, days number from sowing to 50% flowering, days number from sowing to end of flowering and achene width were effected by year, genotype and year x genotype interaction. Seed yield, 1000 achene weight and achene hull content were effected by genotype and year x genotype interaction while year and genotype factors had statistically significant effect on achene length and oil content. Plant height and protein content had statistically significant differences only for genotypes. There were not any factor affecting on stem diameter and head diameter. In 2015, days number from sowing to 50% flowering, days number from sowing to end of flowering, plant height, hull content, achene length, achene width 1000 achene weight,oil content, protein content and seed yield per decare ranged between 61,67 and 82,67 days, 66,33 and 94,00 days, 117,47 and 218,87 cm, 38,7 and 54,7, 1,19 and 2,35 cm, 0,49 and 0,92 cm, 64,16 and 147,50 grams, 25,60 and 40,93%, 11,4 and 19,0%, 181,4 and 782,32 kg; respectively. In the second year; days number from sowing to 50% flowering, days number from sowing to end of flowering, plant height, hull content, achene length, achene width 1000 achene weight, oil content, protein content and seed yield per decare ranged between 65,00 and 82,33 days, 71,33 and 96,33 days, 112,80 and 203,73 cm, 26,3 and 56,2%, 1,27 and 2,26 cm, 0,53 and 0,88 cm, 64,17 and 114,17 grams, 22,87 and 40,87%, 13,30 and 19,71%, 276,19 and 606,12 kg; respectively. Based on the researh findings with yield and quality components, Haliçköy-3, Haliçköy-1, Gaziantep, Manisa Kula-1 and Karaman genotypes were selected as superior genotypes for next generation of breeding programs. Keywords: Confectionary sunflower, population, seed yield, protein content, oil content