Evaluation of the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on oxidative stress markers and clinical periodontal status in obese patients with chronic periodontitis

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the levels of adipokines and oxidative stress (OS) markers considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and chronic periodontitis (CP) in serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). The effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on these parameters and clinical periodontal status were also evaluated. Material and Method: This study was carried out in 20 obese with CP and 19 non-obese patients with CP, a total of 39 individuals. Oral hygiene education was given and clinical measurements (plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, clinical attachment level) were performed a week before serum and GCF sampling. A week later, serum and GCF samples were collected. Scaling and root planning was performed in both groups (with hand instruments and ultrasonic devices). 3 months after non-surgical periodontal therapy, clinical measurements were repeated, serum and GCF samples were recollected. OS markers and adipokine levels were determined in these samples by biochemical analysis. Results: While significant improvements in the clinical periodontal parameters were observed after the treatment in both groups (p<0.01), the amounts of clinical changes were similar between the groups (p>0.05). Although serum levels of TNF-α, leptin and TOS in the the obese group were found to be higher than those in non-obese group before the treatment (p<0.01), the decrease of TOS was significant only in the non-obese group after the treatment (p<0.01). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that obesity may be effective on systemic inflammatory response and oxidant system. Furthermore, it was detected that non-surgical periodontal therapy has provided favorable contributions both locally and systemically in obese and non-obese patients with chronic periodontitis and obesity has no effect on periodontal healing.