Comparison of various liquefaction parameters: A case study of Afyonkarahisar and christchurch

Within the realm of civil engineering, it is crucial to recognize that a significant portion of the substantial ramifications associated with seismic events can be attributed to the inadequate characterization of site-specific soil conditions and the subsequent lack of adherence to suitable mitigation measures. As one delves into the comprehensive analysis of historical earthquake events, the paramount importance of this aspect becomes manifest, contributing substantially to the development of proactive measures in anticipation of future seismic occurrences. The meticulous determination of site-specific soil properties, through rigorous compliance with regional regulations and industry standards, facilitated by comprehensive geotechnical investigations encompassing fieldwork, laboratory experimentation, and geophysical surveys, emerges as a pivotal factor in the reduction of seismic-induced structural damage. When examining the damages resulting from earthquakes, liquefaction stands out as a significant contributing factor among the causes. In regions where liquefaction occurs, adverse effects such as settlement, rotation, bending, and toppling of structures ensue, independent of the structural resistance of the buildings. In this thesis, the liquefaction severity index (LS), liquefaction potential index (LPI), and liquefaction severity number (LSN) were computed using the Standard Penetration Test (SPT), Cone Penetration Test (CPT), and laboratory test results conducted in Afyonkarahisar and Christchurch cities. By means of these calculated liquefaction parameters, liquefaction risk maps were generated, offering a means of comparison with actual earthquake-induced damages.