Noise analysis and modelling based on geographical information systems Kaleici/Antalya sample

One of Turkey's top tourist destinations, Antalya province enjoys a highly active domestic and foreign tourist activity with its historical, cultural and natural riches. The Kaleici neighbourhood, the first settlement in the city, became the focal point of this activity with the increase in entertainment centres and workplaces. A frequent destination for tourists and surrounded by sea and land walls, Kaleici has been under the protection as a reserved environmental zone, and has turned into the city's entertainment centre with hotels, hostels, restaurants and bars in addition to its historical buildings. Noise has become a significant health and environmental issue as music is played at almost every hour of the day at the workplace. As a place of origin and sprawl environment, noise in all receiving environments is a health constraint that occurs as a result of the deterioration of direct environmental values, affecting the perception of other environmental values. Therefore, it is the subject of scientific research as an important health and environmental problem. In parallel with the evolving technology, this study aims to perform noise analysis and modelling via remote sensing (RS) and geographical information systems in Kaleici neighbourhood. The noise resulting from entertainment venues, pedestrian and vehicle traffic in the sampling field was measured by a noise meter and the measurement points were coordinated. The noise measurement was made at the busiest hours using the most relevant method in accordance with the national standards. Coordinated data is transferred to the GIS environment and integrated with RS images. The Kriging interpolation method was used to achieve the best distribution of the restricted number of sound level measurements taken specific to the study area and to generate the noise model. In the obtained model, a field work was carried out in areas with a sound level higher than the standard level and a sound source was tried to be identified. Noise measurements were made between February 20, 2020 and February 23, 2020, at 250 locations, between 20:00-24:00 in the evening when the noise caused by the entertainment venues was high. When the measurements were examined, it was discovered that location named Kandiller Geçidi had the lowest noise level of 46.5 dBA. The highest noise value in the measurements was at Zafer Sokak with a noise level of 78 dBA. It was seen that the noise levels measured at 250 sites range between 46.5 dBA to 78 dBA. When the measurement data are analysed in the context of the Environmental Law and the Regulation on Environmental Noise Evaluation and Management, which establishes the legislation and legal regulations regarding environmental noise, it was observed that, during the time period, 183 of the 250 measurements has been observed that the relevant regulation exceeds the limit value. As a result, a noise map of the Kaleici neighbourhood, which has national and worldwide historical/cultural significance, has been established, and practical and effective proposals for decreasing noise to acceptable levels have been developed. The outcomes of this study are expected to guide the control, supervision, and management tactics of local governments, in particular. KEYWORDS: Antalya, Kaleici, Sound Level, Noise Modelling, Kriging Interpolation Method, Geographical Information Systems, Remote Sensing