The correlation between catalase enzyme activity and ferroptosis in patients with β-thalassemia major aged (5-15 years)

Worldwide, the thalassemia gene mutation is the most common. Patients with b- thalassemia major who have prolonged anemia and severe iron overload may benefit from blood transfusion therapy, particularly those who have undergone just blood transfusion therapy. The formation of lipid peroxidation products caused by iron- catalyzed oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids is known as ferroptosis, and it may be treated pharmacologically using iron chelators and lipid peroxidation inhibitors. This research comprised 150 male children with beta- thalassemia major. Malondialdehyde, hemoglobin, ferritin, catalase activity, ROS, protein-carbon group, total antioxidant capacity, total thiols, and glutathione peroxidase 4 levels were tested in the serum. The findings were compared to 150 healthy male youngsters (males). When compared to the control group, there was a significant increase in the levels of Malondialdehyde (3.7844), ferritin (3337.0±1475), hemoglobin (7.5 ±1.0), catalase activity (0.2716), ROS (5.5559), protein carbonyl group (1.3975), and a significant decrease in the levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (5.3741), total antioxidant capacity (700.9567), and total thiols This suggests that oxidative stress and a reduction in the antioxidant defense system play a key role in the etiology of beta-thalassemia major.