The changing of cardiovascular risc factors and oxidant-antioxidant capacity on rats before and after diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Oxidative stress has an important role on diabetes and pathogenesis of the further complications of diabetes. In this study, we aimed to investigate correlation between free radicals and antioxidants in healthy and diabetic rats. For this purpose, we assessed Homocystein, Leptin, TAC, some antioxidant enzyme levels with Vitamin A, E, C levels and some lipid parameters levels in healthy and diabetes-induced rats. Plasma MDA levels were found to be significantly increase in diabetic group when compared to control group (p<0.05), but SOD, CAT, TAC, HCY, leptin and vit C levels found to be significantly low in diabetic group when compared to control group (p<0.05). No difference was observed between the control group and diabetic group in plasma Vit A and Vit E levels. HDL was found to be significantly low in diabetes group when compared to control group (p<0.05), but cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL found to be significantly low in control group when compared to diabetic group (p<0.05). In conclusion, decrease of SOD and CAT in monitored diabetes demonstrates that protective system against oxidative stress is impaired and TAC level may be functional for monitoring diabetes. It must be noted that increased weight after low leptin levels have induced some metabolic disease e.g. heart disease and hypertension.