Investigation of plasma spexin, visfatin and leptin levels in patients with diabetic neuropathy

The aim of this study was to investigate the plasma spexin, visfatin and leptin values of patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) who developed Diabetic Neuropathy (DN) as a complication and patients who did not develop complications and to investigate whether there is a difference between the groups. For this purpose, 93 adult patients diagnosed with Type 2 DM and receiving oral antidiabetic drugs and/or insulin treatment were included in the study. Electromyography (EMG) was performed as an electrophysiologic nerve conduction study. According to EMG findings, patients were divided into two groups as those with DN (n = 55) and those without DN (n = 38). Two tubes of venous blood, 5 mL each, were collected from all patients. HbA1c levels of the patients were analyzed in the first tube blood sample. According to HbA1c levels, the groups were divided into two groups as HbA1c between 6.5-8.4% and ≥8.5%, and a total of four study groups were formed. After the other blood sample was separated into plasma, spexin, visfatin and leptin levels were determined by ELISA method. The findings were compared between the groups. Among the patients with DN, 31 were female and 24 were male. In patients without DN, 29 were female and 9 were male. Patients with DN had significantly higher glucose and HbA1C values than patients without DN (p<0.05). When lipid profiles were compared, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were similarly higher in both DN and non-DN patients, but not significantly so (p>0.05). There was no clear difference between the groups in terms of HDL levels. LDL levels were generally higher in the non-DN group, but not significantly (p>0.05). Body mass index (BMI), glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL), spexin, visfatin and leptin levels of patients with and without DN with HbA1C levels between 6.5-8.4% did not show a statistically significant difference according to the diagnosis of neuropathy (p>0.05). In the comparison of patients with HbA1c level ≥8.5% according to the diagnosis of DN, no statistically significant difference was found between BMI, glucose, triglyceride, HDL, spexin, visfatin and leptin levels (p>0.05), whereas a significant difference was found between total cholesterol and LDL levels (p<0.05). LDL levels were higher in patients with DN. The correlation between plasma spexin, visfatin and leptin levels of the patients who participated in the study was analyzed and a high positive and significant correlation was found between these three parameters (p<0.01). Translated with DeepL.com (free version)In conclusion, as a result of the grouping of patients with type 2 DM with and without DN according to HbA1c levels, it was concluded that plasma spexin, visfatin and leptin levels of the patients did not show a significant difference between and within the groups. The fact that spexin, visfatin and leptin levels of patients with and without DN showed a significant positive correlation in the correlation analysis suggested that plasma values moved together and may be clinically important