Provenance investigation of the ceramics from different ages that are obtained from excavations of Diyarbakir-Bismil Aşaği Salat höyük by X-rays

In this study, 81 ceramic samples dated to different ages and 6 clay pieces, as a raw material, from Dicle River and from different places of Bismil have been quantitatively analyzed by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer . The ceramics and clays are obtained from the excavation, sites in Diyarbakır-Bismil Aşağı Salat Höyük. These ceramic samples and clays are provided by the Gazi University Archaeological and Environmental Values Research Centre.HCA (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) is applied to the quantitative elemental data in order to cluster of samples by using Minitab 15.0 statistical programme. Statistical treatment is employed to the ceramics of each structure layer and grave yard with clays samples both individually and to all of the samples together. As a result of the statistical treatment, every ceramic sample of the structure layer and grave yard are classified for provenance of ceramics by themselves and it is indicated that some of these ceramic samples are not classified in groups. This conclusion shows us that these samples which are not classified, might be imported materials coming from near or far places as import materials.The results that are obtained by XRF technique and evaluated by statical analysis, are in good agreement with archeological conclusions. WDXRF technique is non-destructive, rapid, precise and reliable. This indicates that it is very suitable for the characterization and cluster of the archeological materials.