The effect of some parasitic worms on physiological and histological changes in a species of economic fish in the city of Misurata, Libya, using statistical analysis

The significance of helminthology and haematology features as critical instruments in fish health evaluations has been acknowledged. Blood parameter measurement has a long history of application in fish health monitoring. Liver and kidney function tests, lipase and amylase levels, creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were among the blood indicators examined in this study to determine the impact of an invading parasite. The present investigation set out to examine the parasitic infection in a hundred fish specimens. The sample included fifty individuals of Euthynnus alletteratus and fifty individuals of Scombrus Scombrus. The seas around the Libyan city of Misrata are the source of this fish. Both Euthynnus alletteratus and Scomber scombrus showed statistically significant variances across multiple parameters. All of Scomber scombrus's internal organs, with the exception of the outside body, showed a very positive connection with urea levels. Except for the exterior body and nose, urea levels were positively associated with many organs in Euthynnus alletteratus. Excluding tissues on the outside of the organism, the results of the research indicate a positive relationship between creatinine levels and several internal organs in Euthynnus alletteratus. With the exception of the stomach and internal organs, Scomber scombrus showed a positive correlation between sodium levels and a number of organs. Several organs of both Scomber scombrus and Euthynnus alletteratus showed a direct association between total protein levels, CPK, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lipase, amylase, and potassium. With the exception of Scomber scombrus's ii exterior body, a robust correlation between LDH levels and many organs was seen in both Euthynnus alletteratus and Scomber scombrus. Nostril, internal organ, and anterior intestine LDH levels were positively correlated in Euthynnus alletteratus. Examining the razam and kawali parasites' distribution throughout several organs is the primary objective of the current investigation. Parasite infection rates varied throughout fish organs, as seen in the research. Among the histological findings in the stomachs of Kawali species were fibroblasts, lymphocytes, macrophages, and eosinophilic granulocytes. Histopathological analysis of razam species mostly showed autolysis and hyperplasia in the stomach's submucosa and mucous membranes. Hypertrophy, systemic inflammation, and multifocal myocyte necrosis characterise this cardiac condition. Multifocal necrosis and congestion of interlobular veins are hallmarks of liver tissue deterioration, which occurs with substantial vacuole degradation and fatty hepatocytes. Alterations to the gut wall happen autolytically. Autolytic changes occur in the pancreas and liver. 2024, 76 pages