Irak'in Al-Diwaniyah şehrinde akut miyokard enfarktüsü için trombolitik tedavi gören hastaların hemşirelik yönetimine ilişkin hemşirelerin bilgilerinin değerlendirilmesi

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) occurs in the coronary arteries surrounding and supplying the heart muscles, leading to a lack of perfusion and necrosis in these areas. This blockage is caused by the accumulation of fat or fibrous tissue on the vessels and, thus, a partial or complete blockage of these arteries. CAD consists of three types {Stable angina (or chronic coronary syndromes CCS newly), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and Prinzmetal angina}.ACS is the most common worldwide disease that affects people and has caused mortality and morbidity in recent years. ACS is a subtype of CAD that consists of two types {: Myocardial infarction (MI) and unstable angina} that need dual therapy to reduce the event of its progression by aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitors. Myocardial infarction (MI), or what has been called a heart attack, is a CAD resulting in complete blockage of the coronary arteries which surround and supply the muscles of the heart. MI consists of two types {S.T. elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI)}. Objectives: Assessment of nurses' knowledge about the nursing management of AMI patients receiving thrombolytic therapy in Al-Diwaniyah city, Iraq. Methods: A descriptive design study was conducted at Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital (CCU and cardiac catheterization center). Face-to-face questionnaire was used. The questionnaire consists of the following parts: demographic information (8 questions), Nurses knowledge about heart and acute myocardial infarction (7 questions), Nurses' knowledge of the management of acute myocardial infarction (7 questions), Knowledge of nurses about thrombolytic therapy (8 questions) and Nurses' knowledge about nursing management in AMI patients receiving thrombolytic therapy (8 questions). 133 nurses working in the above units was choosen, the sample was collected during the period from April 1, 2022 to August 1, 2022. Results: The study showed that the females were more than half of the nurses (20-29) years of age, (1 to 5 years) of experience in nursing, Bachelor in Nursing, and (1 to 5 years) of experience in CCU and Cardiac centers. Three-quarters of nurses have not participated in previous courses related to patient care in the case of AMI, and (62.4%) of the sample educated themselves about thrombolytic therapy by using the Internet as a self-education tool. The overall assessment show fair assessment. In addition, the study illustrated that there was a statistically significant in participants' knowledge of their socio-demographic data in gender and educational level with (p < 0.05). While no significant differences in participants' knowledge in Age, participation in educational / training courses related to acute myocardial infarction, years of experience in nursing, Self-education about thrombolytic therapy, years of experience in CCU or Cardiac centers, and Self-education tools with (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The researcher concludes that the overall assessment, which represents the assessment of nurses' knowledge about the nursing management of AMI patients receiving thrombolytic therapy in Al-Diwaniyah city, shows a fair overall assessment. Recommendations: The study suggests to increase the programs related to self-education and thrombolytic therapy by using scientific resources in hospitals and continuing education centers in order to fulfill the requirements of the nursing profession with the participation of nurses in training courses or programs for thrombolytic therapy.