Inheritance of some agronomic and physiological traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

This study was conducted in Adnan Menderes University Crop Science Departments experimental fields during years 2011-2013. Particularly to evaluate inheritance of some physiological characters of waterlogging tolerance, five bread wheat varieties (Anapo, Pamukova 97, Stendal, Beşköprü ve Hanlı) and their diallel cross populations were planted in randomized complete blocks design with 3 replicates in pot experiments. Diallel analyses were held in two different conditions. Normal conditions as control and stress conditions as waterlogging treatment (at Z12 and Z31 stages of wheat). Reciprocal effects were significant for spike lenght, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain yield per spike, 1000 kernel weight. Additive gene effects were significant for root and shoot Fe contents, shoot Mn content, chlorophyll content of leaves (CCI) at Z31 stage especially in waterlogging conditions. Non-additive gene effects were significant for root Mn content, membrane thermal stability, chlorophyll content of leaves (CCI) at Z12 stage. Low and medium level of narrow sense heritability were found in these traits. Substantially positive heterosis and heterobeltiosis values were found in number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000 kernel weight, grain yield per spike, Shoot Leaf Area at Z12 and Z31 stages and membrane thermal stability especially in waterlogging conditions. Substantially negative heterosis and heterobeltiosis values were found in normalised difference of vegetative index (NDVI), chlorophyll content of leaves (CCI), chlorophyll content of flag leaf (SPAD) at Z12 and Z31 stages, root an shoot Fe and Mn contents. In conclusion, Beşköprü x Pamukova 97 cross was found to be the most promising combinationfor further breeding programs in waterlogging conditions.