Loss forecast methods and calculation of loss in electricity distribution networks

Although loss is an undesirable situation in electric networks, it is an event that cannot be reset in electric networks. Electricity network losses are classified as technical and non-technical losses. Non-technical losses are often called as commercial losses. Technical losses are expressed as the inescapable losses incurred in the current network because they are loaded or unloaded, and their current-voltage values are variable according to the state of the network load caused by the fundamental elements of the system. According to population density and per capita energy consumption in our country, transmission system losses are between about 2% to 3%, whereas the loss in the distribution systems (technical and non-technical losses) is nearly 20%. In this study, network losses are classified in general, and loss calculation methods have been examined. The change of loss power and total energy losses have been obtained with two new empirical formulas developed in addition to the equations that researchers and writers have obtained mathematical expressions between the load factor and loss load factor through empirical calculations. Thus, the accuracy of the calculation methods in the literature has been demonstrated for the two lines.