Optimum design of battery thermal management system of electric vehicles

In this study, optimization studies were carried out to design cooling plates with different types of channel structures for two different battery modules. For the four-cell battery module, cooling plates with serpentine channels were designed and the effects of the number of channels and the mass flow rate on the cooling performance and pressure drop were investigated. The channel height and width and mass flow rate were determined as design variables. The design points were created with the LHS method and CFD analyzes were made. The GRA method was used to select the best designs. With the proposed LHS-GRA method, the optimized design provided 40.3% decrease in the pressure drop with a penalty of 11.3% decrease in the convective heat transfer coefficient. For the twelve-cell battery module, cooling plates with three parallel channels were designed. Optimization studies were conducted to reduce the temperature difference between the cells in the module and pressure drop. The channel height and width and the ratio of channel height at the outlet to the channel height at the inlet were determined as design variables and CFD analyzes were conducted. A robust surrogate model was created with the RBF method. The effects of each design variable on the cooling performance and pressure drop were examined. Optimization studies were carried out with NSGAII, NSGAIII, MOPSO and CMOPSO methods and the performances of these methods were compared. With the CMOPSO method, a 30.3% decrease in the temperature difference and a 5.3% decrease in the pressure drop were achieved.