Some biological activity studies on endemic Salix purpurea L. subsp. leucodermis Yalt. (salicaceae)

The genus Salix L. is a rich group distributed around the world with approximately 500 species. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory studies conducted on Salix species in Türkiye have shown significant potential. In this study, we aimed to determine the total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of the endemic Salix purpurea subsp. leucodermis in solvents of different polarities. The total amount of phenolic substances contained in the extracts was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, the total amount of flavonoids by AlCl3 colorimetric method, and the antioxidant level by the DPPH method. According to the results, the highest amounts of phenolic contents were found in ethanol (223.54 mg GAE/g) and methanol (183.12 mg GAE/g)extracts. The highest flavonoid contents were determined in n-hexane (152.34 mg RU/g; 116.03 mg QE/g), methanol (109.84 mg RU/g; 81.57 mg QE/g) and ethanol (109.13 mg RU/g; 80.99 mg QE/g) extracts. According to antioxidant tests, the IC50 value of methanol extract was 11.86 µg/ml, the IC50 value of water extract was 19.81 µg/ml, the IC50 value of ethanol extract was 34.96 µg/ml, the IC50 value of chloroform extract was 175.66 µg/ml and the hexane extract IC50 value was found to be 420.44 µg/ml. This study is the first bioactivity study conducted on the endemic S. purpurea subsp. leucodermis.