Investigation of the effects of fluxes addivites on the propeties of sanitaryware

This study aims to determine the type and ratio of frit additives that provide superior properties compared to the properties of vitrified ceramics produced under industrial conditions by using frit additives with melting properties at different rates. In this context, the effects frit type and amount on the technical properties of the samples produced after firing under industrial conditions from the bodies prepared by frit additions in varying amounts to industrial vitrify composition were investigated. For this purpose, the composition prepared by adding colemanite at different amounts (0, 1, 2, 3 wt.%) to the mixture prepared by mixing magnesia, kaolin, and quartz raw materials in accordance with the cordierite stoichiometry were melted at approximately 1500 °C under industrial conditions, and then were cooled to transforming into glassy frit. The mixtures prepared by adding the obtained frits to the industrial vitrify mass in varying amounts (0, 1, 2, 3 wt.%) were shaped by the pressing method and fired under industrial conditions (1200 °C) to obtain vitrified ceramic samples. With the analyses and tests performed on these samples within the standards, the effects of frit additives on the firing behavior and technical properties of the vitrified product were examined, discussed, and interpreted based on the literature. Characterization study results showed that the frit additive increased the solubility of quartz crystals by reducing the viscosity of the glassy phase, thus increasing the formation of the mullite phase and thus increasing the mechanical strength of the vitrified ceramic material.