Cleaning of soils which consist of body oils to making shirt laundry program in home type domestic washing machines

Textile products have an important place in human life for a long time. The basic needs were not very complex. Respectively finding food, sheltering and veiling have been known that from the ancient humans to nowadays, are basic needs. In the first times, the clothes had been agreed as a necessity and they had used for avoiding bad conditions of nature. Day after day, clothes have been developed according to evaluation feelings of human, daily life conditions, enjoyments and desires. On the other hand, the demands to be different from other people increased with the developing with the colors and patterns. In the parallel of this situation, various clothing styles has occurred from past to present. During the historical period, the usage of shirt becomes popular and changes under the influence of fashion trends therefore the shirts are produced at various qualities and models. The variety of problems and complaints are revealed because of the increments in shirt usage. The quality perception, wear and tear definition varies are different and each individual from person to person. Some of the users worry about all changes at the end of first usage, others can be uncomfortable in time due to the effects such as wear, pilling, abrasion, pulling. After the use and repeated wash different problems have been usually found such as the wear and tear at the collar and cuffs, dulling in color and the consist of permanent crease at drape region. Textile products life cycles decreases according to physical factors, which occur because of interaction with environment in terms of use characteristic. The lifetime of shirts can be increased with decreasing the corrosive effects of washing step or chemicals are used at cleaning. Looking at the cleaning and laundry behaviors it could be said that the major staining factor is body soils and its derivatives as sweat, sebum and death skin cells. Body soils are named that sebum. Cleaning this soil from the surface of textile product is so hard. While laundering to suspended soils textile products can be damaged. At this thesis, decreasing factors of shirt the lifetime are determined and according to them new washing algorithm developed for effective cleaning in shorter time. In the literature, it was not observed cleaning with using pre-treatment chemical and shortening time or washing at lower temperature. Because of that reason, commercially pre-treatment chemicals are used to reduce wearing and increasing lifetime of textile products. In the survey, 24 different questions were asked to consumer and the answers of 141 participants were analyzed. The increment in the usage of shirt is observed; keep in view changing life conditions, business profile and preferring clothing style. The other result of survey is that the cleaning frequency is also increased with the parallel of increased use. According to survey results, most of consumers prefer to wear cotton and cotton blends fabrics. In this thesis study 100% cotton based fabric were used at preliminary work to simulate participants clothing habit. The usage of pre-treatment chemical is a known process at the cleaning stains in households. The damage of pre-treatment chemical to chosen textile was examined and it was found that there was no additional harm to weft and warp dimension strength loss. According to survey answers, the 66% of consumers carry out cleaning process because of mixture of human sebum and particular dust. For simulating reproducible soils that the mixture of bey sebum, carbon black and acetone had been used. After that, this prepared solution has been sprayed on the surface of fabric at the laboratory. According to measurement and test result, it could be reproduced sebum soils in laboratory at a certain recipe. The shirt collars mock up, which has been developed for Detergency Company to determine cleaning performance of cleaning agents, were supplied from FTT (Felix Technology Trade GbmH). The shirt collar mock up sebum soils were fixed at 6 different concentration from %10 percentage to %50 percentage. And between %20 and %30 concentration % 25 percentage concentrations was also selected to determine small frequencies of cleaning efficiency. In experimental study, five variables factorial analyzed has been established and these parameters were estimated with Minitab 16.0 commercial program. Simulator, which is a front loading domestic washing machine, could be allowed changing program parameters. Parameters like temperatures, process time, percentage of mechanical motion, pre-treatment chemicals effect, and shirt collar type, which was estimated for this machine, affected washing performance. The last, program parameters have been determined according to optimization and some modifications were done. Oldest program "Shirt 40 °C" and the newest prepared one were compared. Cleaning efficiency main effect and other interaction effects were determined. Because of the survey answers that were given by participant, cleaning time has to be decreased minimum levels. This situation is also concurred with accelerating today's life speed. Survey answers and participants life routine concur the same point. Because of that reason, extra studies were made to reduce processing time of program which was prepared before. The operation time with pretreatment chemical was reduced from 93 minutes to 70 minutes not to reduce cleaning efficiency under the oldest "Shirt 40 °C" program levels. According to experimental design, new washing program last version has been prepared. To determine abrasion effect of this new program, five different commercial shirt products had been tested. Oldest program and just developed program were compared. Differences of textile damages were analyzed with Minitab 16.0 program. As result shirt samples were less damaged the newest program than oldest "Shirt 40 °C" program. After these experimental working EMPA standard textile samples which are known as 304, 306, 320 and another test sample chameleon, were used for observing abrasion and color fading of textile with a convenient way of international standard in a short period. According the 304 thread losses test lost thread of newest one 136 pieces oldest one 221 pieces. The Newest one 2,97 unit reduced and oldest one 6,01 unit reduced for 306 samples damaging degree. Other testing samples had also the same parallel results. So it was decided that the newest program was more effective to reduce abrasion and damaging than oldest Shirt 40 °C" program. According to experimental analysis and optimization parameters, a certain and the last program algorithm has been created. Correspondingly, algorithm was created the newest program which was consisting of pre-treatment Commercial-A chemicals. The washing steps are explained respectively. There are two main washing steps in algorithm. In the first one of these steps, the pre-treatment chemicals is added to washing system and waited for ten minutes with very low mechanical action. The washing temperature is increased 30 °C; the operation time is 70 minutes and 65 % mechanical action. These machine parameters had been cleaned efficiently and less textile damages than the oldest "Shirt 40 °C" program.