Extradition law between Pakistan and Türkiye and an analysis of kaçmaz case

This research focuses on the comparative analysis of extradition law and practice between Pakistan and Türkiye. It examines the hierarchy of legal norms governing extradition in each country, including constitutional provisions, the influence of Islamic law in Pakistan, relevant treaties, and domestic legislation (Pakistan's Extradition Act 1972 and Türkiye's Law No. 6706). The method used in this research is the analytical analysis of the laws and legal documents concerning the rules and processes for extradition between Pakistan and Türkiye, focusing on critical legal issues that arise in their extradition practices. The Kaçmaz case examined concerns a 2017 forcible deportation of a Turkish family from Pakistan outside formal extradition procedures and serves as the central case study. The case analysis reveals important weaknesses in legal protections and raises significant human rights issues, especially compliance with due process, non-refoulement rules, and lack of independent judicial review. The involvement of the United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention in the Kaçmaz case further highlights these issues. The data for this research is based on various sources, including interviews with official authorities, legislative reports, bilateral treaties, and governmental data. Sources obtained through academic research and international legislation is also included. The findings underscore the need for greater harmonization of extradition laws and practices between Pakistan and Türkiye and emphasize the importance of independent judicial oversight to uphold the rule of law and international human rights standards in future extradition proceedings.