According to al-Fârâbî, Ibn Sînâ and Ibn Rushd, the faculties of nafs and relation of morality

Islamic philosophers have presented many views on human nafs and ethics. The subject of this work, which includes the nafs, the faculties of nafs and these faculties' effects on morality, is to investigate the effects of the faculties of nafs which human being possess on morality. The main theme of the thesis is in general, the faculties of nafs; in particular, how intelligence effects the formation of morality. This work is made up of the three parts, and in the first part al-Fârâbî's (n.339/950) views on the power of the nafs and the moral effects of these forces are examined. In the second and third sections, the views of Ibn Sînâ (n. 428/1037) and Ibn Rushd (n. 595/1198) were included, taking into account the subject line in the first section. Altought human nafs has some common faculty with animals and plants this faculty which is important regarding to our topics makes him different from plants and animals while leveling him at high at high position thats the faculty of the mind. As a result, it turns out that reasoning is the primary factor of good or bad morality, and that the person exhibits a certain degree of moral behavior in which he can direct other forces through effective use of his/her mind. Thus, throughout our work, we aimed to present the faculties of the nafs and especially, how should people use their mind which makes them superior to other beings.