Research of various fabric performance properties after digital printing of fabrics made of yarns produced with different fiber types and yarn production systems

Digital printing, which is considered one of the most important innovations in the printing field of the textile industry, provides significant advantages in terms of personalized design opportunities, unlimited color and pattern applications, reduced ink waste and water usage, printing quality and color fastness. For this reason, digital printing is a textile coloring method that has become quite popular today. This performance focused on examining some fabric performance and color protection after the digital printing process of woven fabrics produced from viscose conventional ring yarns produced in different yarn counts. In the study, a pattern was formed from 11 colors such as black, blue, orange, yellow, light and dark purple, and Ne 30/1 and Ne 60/1 viscose conventional ring yarns, which are widely used in daily clothing and home textile breakage. Efi Reggani brand Colors model was printed on a 24-head 11-color penetration digital printing machine. In addition to the performance properties such as seam opening, tear and breaking strength, breaking elongation, pilling resistance, water absorption and drying speed of the steamed, washed and finished fabrics, pre-wash and post-wash color values and color fastness were examined. In the study, it was determined that there was no statistically significant change in the strength, pilling resistance and water absorption values of the fabrics classified according to yarn type (vortex, ring and OE-rotor), fiber type (cotton, viscose and modal) and yarn count (Ne 30/1 and Ne 60/1) after the digital printing process, a visual change occurred after washing, but there was no significant change in color values. According to the results of the Titan test results, the change in the warp yarn in fabrics using vortex yarn was determined to be higher than the other yarn types. In terms of the effect of the fiber type, the best results were observed in the fabric using cotton fiber. In terms of the effect of the yarn number, it was determined that the yarn thickness positively affected the strength values. In the tearing strength test values, the fabrics produced from OE rotor and ring yarn were obtained in the fabrics produced from OE rotor and ring yarn according to the yarn type. While cotton fiber gave the best result according to the fiber type, it was determined higher in the fabric produced from Ne 30/1 ring yarn in terms of yarn number. In the properties of the breaking elongation and drying speed, it was observed that different changes occurred depending on the yarn number or the weft-warp direction of the fabrics due to the finishing process especially after the printing process. The color yield determination of the fabrics with digital printing process was measured using a spectrophotometer device. According to these results, the highest color yield in yarn type according to ΔE value is in vortex, in viscose according to fiber type and in Ne 30/1 viscose vortex yarn according to yarn count. It was determined that digitally printed fabrics gave good color fastness values against effects such as rubbing, washing, water and sweat. Similar results were determined in cross-contamination and washing fastness, while cotton fiber gave the best result in wet rubbing. In summary, digital printing process does not significantly affect the properties related to fabric performance, while it provides good values in terms of color fastness. It was concluded that yarn count is more effective especially in terms of color properties and visual change after washing, but yarn count does not have a significant effect in terms of fabric performance.