Investigation of cervical joint position error, balance and reaction time in different age groups

The aim of this study was to determine reaction time, balance and cervical joint position error in individuals of different age groups, to compare the difference between the groups and to examine the relationship between the parameters. A total of 118 healthy individuals (40 young adults, 39 middle-aged adults and 39 elderly) were included in the study in three groups. After the sociodemographic information of the individuals was evaluated with a specially prepared evaluation form and their mental status was evaluated with a mini mental status test; cervical range of motion was assessed with a universal goniometer; cervical muscle strength was assessed with a manual muscle test; hand reaction time was assessed with the Nelson Hand Reaction Test; cervical joint proprioception was assessed with a laser pointer; and balance was assessed with the Biodex Balance System. In our study, it was observed that cervical joint position error increased, balance deteriorated and reaction time prolonged with increasing age (p<0.05). In addition, as cervical joint position error increased, balance scores worsened and reaction time increased (p<0.05). In some parameters, a positive correlation was found between reaction time and balance scores of individuals in the young adult and middle adult groups (p<0.05). This study revealed the necessity of evaluating cervical joint proprioception, hand reaction time and balance and determining an individual-specific exercise program according to the results obtained in ensuring a healthy aging process.