Investigation of the observed prosocial and antisocial behaviors in football

The aim of this study is to examine the observed prosocial and antisocial behaviors in the seasons of 2018-2019, 2019-2020, 2020-2021 according to various variables in the athletes of Beşiktaş, Fenerbahçe, Galatasaray and Trabzonspor teams who have won the championship more than once in the Turkish Football Super League. Observation and document analysis techniques of qualitative research methods were used in the research. It took approximately 836 hours to identify, classify and code the behaviors in competitions. The data of the behaviors obtained through observation were classified in line with the proactive and inhibitive moral concepts defined by Bandura (1999). In addition, the Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior in Sport Scale developed by Kavussanu and Boardley (2009) and "Examination of Unsportsmanlike Behaviors Encountered by Football Referees" by Gürpınar and Güven (2011) were used in the classification of behaviors. Moreover competition information form and personal information form developed by the researcher were used. A total of 3080 antisocial behaviors under 24 different types of antisocial behavior and a total of 1945 prosocial behaviors under 22 different types of prosocial behavior were observed in the competitions. The observed prosocial and antisocial behaviors of the athletes were revealed according to the variables of the team, age, nationality, sports experience, national status, position, duration of the competition, the field where the competition is played, the result of the competition, the audience status of the competition and the ranking of the team in the league before the competition.