Evaluation of Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir highway landscape plants

The sensitivity of highways to the environment, which allows high standard, fast and safe car traffic, which is of great importance for our country, has become mandatory and this has brought with it the phenomenon of highway landscaping. Plantation works on highways are the most important planning initiative affecting the relations between the road and the environmental landscape. In order to re-heal the nature that suffered deformation and injured during the construction of the highway; A plantation study should be prepared by preserving the existing natural vegetation along the route, taking into account the general climate and environmental conditions. In this respect, the reforestation technique plays an active role as well as the project speed of the road, route, parallelism, excavation-filling processes and road geometric standards. In the landscape designs to be made; priority should be given to species that will not interfere with visibility in traffic, especially in medium refuels, will need water at a minimum level, have the lowest maintenance needs. The total length of the highways completed in Turkey is 3,164 km. Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir Highway, which is the subject of work, is the most long highway among the highways completed with 426 km. Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir Highway; Gebze-Orhangazi consists of 7 different segments: Orhangazi-Bursa, Bursa-Susurluk, Susurluk-Balıkesir, Balıkesir-Kırkağaç, Kırkağaç-Manisa and Manisa-İzmir. 107 different taxa were detected throughout the study area. Gebze-Orhangazi is the most diverse of the taksons detected, while Bursa-Susurluk sector is the one with the least variety. Plants in the form of shrubs make up the majority of the detected taxa; it has been determined that there are species suitable for road plantation, resistant to polluted weather conditions, in little need of care.