Structural and hydraulic design of permeable concrete

Permeable concrete is a special type of concrete with high porosity. In this study, the structural and hydraulic properties of permeable concrete were investigated. Portland cement and crushed limestone aggregate in three different sizes (0-3 mm, 5-15 mm, 15-25 mm) were used in the permeable concretes produced within the scope of this study. The concretes do not contain any additives. For all mixtures, the void ratio is 22% and the cement amount is 305 kg/m3. Three different water/cement ratios (0.28; 0.31; 0.34) were determined. Eight different gradations were obtained by mixing the aggregates in specific proportions by volume. Twenty-four different mixes were designed with three different water/cement ratios and eight different gradations. In the experiments, the highest compressive strength for 28 days was found to be 21,85 MPa. According to the infiltration tests, the highest infiltration rate was found to be 70736 mm/hr. According to the data, permeable concrete which is determined as optimum has a compressive strengh of 19,15 MPa and infitration rate of 44502 mm/sa. Darcy-Forchheimer parameters were determined based on the infiltration tests. The tests were modeled using the determined parameters in the OpenFOAM based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software SimFlow. SimFlow analysis and infiltration test results are found to be in agreement. A sensitivity analysis was conducted and the effect of Darcy-Forchheimer parameters on infiltration was investigated. By applying a dimensional analysis, a relationship was obtained between parameters affecting infiltration and the Reynolds number.