Gram-negative bacteria and antimicrobial resistance rates isolated from the lower respiratory tract of intensive care patients depending on mechanical ventilator: Five-year retrospective analysis

Gram-Negative Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance Rates Isolated from the Lower Respiratory Tract of Intensive Care Patients Depending on Mechanical Ventilator: Five-Year Retrospective Analysis Aim: The aim of the study is to demonstrate the importance of an active surveillance program in recognizing multiple drug resistance outbreaks in intensive care units, review of antimicrobial use to prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains. Materials and Methods: Selection of cases and collection of data; between January 2015-December 2019 Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Bacteriology Laboratory Lower respiratory tract samples of ventilator dependent patients hospitalized in intensive care units were analyzed retrospectively. Isolated gram negative bacteria species were included in the study. Results: 1294 grams of negative bacteria growth was detected from respiratory samples. Acinetobacter baumannii is the most common gram negative bacteria, second common bacteria is Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the third one is Klebsiella pneumoniae. In our study, Tigesiklin is effective for Acinetobacter baumannii with a resistance rate of 12.09% and is one of the best options for MDR microorganisms. The resistance rate of colistin was found to be 0.84% in our study. Colistin has been an indispensable agent in the treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii. No colistin resistant isolate detected for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Amikacin Low resistance rate (18.26%) High efficacy of cephalosporins were found. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study demonstrates the importance of an active surveillance program in recognizing multiple drug resistance outbreaks in intensive care units, and the importance of reviewing antimicrobial use to prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains and maintaining the therapeutic option available for the maintenance of such infections. The approach to MDR bacterial infections should be regulated in the light of current surveillance data. Thus, both cost-effective and targeted treatment are planned. Key words: gram negative, ventilator-associated pneumonia, resistance