An investigation for the parameters of cell, transmitter and frequency in GSM

Key Words: Base Station, The Cell Planning, The Reusing Model of Frequencies The use of communication systems and equipments are on the increase recently among those systems, GSM is the most widely used system(Approximately 540 million user will be using that system by the end of 2003). GSM system has high capacity and works with Mobile Telephone 450-900-1800- 1900 protocols. The communacition areas are divided into small parts which is called cells. Each of these cells has a base station in their central points. These cellular systems consist of adjacent cells like honey combs. Countries use these protocols divided into many traffic cells depending on their geographic situation. In the cellular systems design, distribution of the users, the geographic situation and the required quality must be taken into account by GSM planners. In the arrangament of cell design, the factors like frequency planning, cell format, the output power of base station and antenna are the most important. The first chapter of the thesis is related to the development of the GSM and protocols. In the second chapter, the cell sturucture and design are examined in detail. In the design of the cellular system, reusing model of frequency of system in the GSM is explanied by formulas and given various reusing models of the cell. In the third chapter, mobile terminals and base station antennas are examined. Then, in the base station, multi-direction antennas are used which have a small covarage areas.