Smile aesthetics and its relationship with periodontaltissues

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of periodontal health, keratinized gingiva, frenulum and philtrum properties on smile aesthetics and smile types. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 93 participants, 37 men and 56 women, at the Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry of Adiyaman University.The participants signed the consent forms. Our study was carried out on healthy people. Four photos were taken which are; showing their teeth, lips closed smile, rest lips open and lips closed to determine the smiles of individuals. Eight survey questions were asked to evaluate the satisfaction of smile to the participants. The participants, the use of dental floss and toothbrush, GI, PI, BoP, keratinized gingiva, Smile Aesthetic Index (SEI), frenum type, philtrum type, smile type and smile arc classification were evaluated and recorded. Results: The average age of the participants is 22.31. GI, PI, BoP, SCD values were found to be low because our study was carried out in healthy individuals. When the amount of keratinized gingiva was compared in individuals with Class 1 smile arc, a significant correlation was found compared to keratinized gingiva in individuals with other smile arc, (p=0.001). A statistically significant relationship was found between age and philtrum width, (p=0.025). As the age increases, the width of the philtrum increases. Smile Aesthetic Index (SEI) score was found to be significantly higher in women than men, (p=0,002), while the width of the philtrum was found to be significantly higher in men than women, (p=0,001). There was no significant relationship between gender and smile types. While the most common parallel type of philtrum was found in all individuals, in the aspects of gender, the maximum parallel type of philtrum in men and the highest triangular type philtrum in women were detected. Conclusion: As increases, gingival visibility increases during smile. It was found higher in women.