Investigation of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film properties produced by electrodeposition method for solar cells

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films were produced by electrochemical coating method on weakly basic medium (pH 7-7.5) at room temperature on ITO glass bottomstone. The effect of the catalyst (three sodium citrate) on the structural, morphological and composition properties of CZTS thin films was investigated. Optical absorption spe U-Vis ktrometry (U Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDAX techniques for thin and annealed thin films, structural, morphological, composites and chemicals were characterized respectively. XRD studies revealed that the coated thin film was transformed from the amorphous structure into a polycrystalline with a crystalline crystalline structure after annealing in the nitrogen gas atmosphere. The complexing agent exhibited a well-covered surface morphology with Pulsed Electrochemical Coating and Electrochemical Coating on conductive substrates at Constant Voltage and some cracks on the surface of the film, while those prepared using the complexing agent exhibited irregular and slightly porous and some enlarged particles on the surface of the films. After the annealing process, it was observed that morphologically it was transformed into flat grains and evenly distributed over the subbase. The EDAX and XPS study was found to be almost stoichiometric with the pulsed Electrochemical Coating produced using 0.025M three-sodium citrate.