A gynura malaccensis Belcher chemical profile and biological activity

Gynura malaccensis Belcher is growing by people in Antalya to manage blood sugar and cholesterol degrees. However, there is no scientific knowledge about phytochemical and biological activity profiles on G. malaccensis. In this context, our main goal was to investigate chemical composition, antioxidant and anti-diabetic potentials of G. malaccensis. In scope of designated aims, the plant of G. malaccensis grown up and the hexane and methanol leaf extracts were obtained to investigate their chemical compositions with chromatographic techniques (GC-FID, GC-MS, MSD-SPME, LC-MS/MS). All extracts have been subjected to investigation in vitro for antioxidant activity, total phenols and flavonoids contents and inhibition of α -amylase enzyme. In the flowers of G. malaccensis, δ -cadinene (36.4 %) and 1-epi-cubenol (22.4 %); in the fresh leaves, δ-cadinene (17,4 %) and 1-epi-cubenol (53,3 %); in the oven dried leaves, phytol (21 %) and linalool (17,6 %); in the freeze dried leaves, phytol (49,4 %) and neophytadiene isomer I (27,7 %) have been found as major volatile constituents. Quinic acid derivatives have been detected in the methanol extract. Freeze dried leaves contained the highest total phenols (19,7 GAEmg/gextract). In the hexane extracts TPC level was found as 3,1-13,2 GAEmg/gextract. In the methanol extracts TPC was found to be 6,9-19,7 GAEmg/gextract. Total flavonoid content in the methanol extract was found as 0-14,3 REmg/gextract. Freeze dried leaves extracts demonstrated free radical scavenging activity (IC50 0,38 and 0,53 mg/mL). The Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity was found as 0,95 mM and 1,41 mM. The inhibitory effects of the hexane extracts on α -amylase enzyme were between 22 % and 53 % while the methanol extracts demonstrated inhibition between 13% and 46%. In scope of the project, the chemical composition and activities results have been obtained for G. malaccensis for the first time. Keywords: Gynura malaccensis, Extraction, Composition, Biological activity, α-Amylase.