Evaluation of hospital policlinic waiting areas from spatial

'Health Rights' are the most important rights of people and it take part in the constitutions of countries and International law. Countries are developing their own health systems to monitor this right of their citizens and provide health services to their citizens through the health structures they build. The most advanced example of health care buildings is hospitals. Hospitals; are treated for the health of the patients, therapeutic and preventive organizations for the purpose of providing better quality life to healthy people and preventing diseases. Patient waiting areas in hospitals are an important part enabling patients to be rested. In this thesis, the focus is on the outpatient clinics of the hospital departments where the daily patient density is the highest. Hospital outpatient clinics are the areas where patients with outpatient treatment come to the doctor to be examined and where the daily flow of patients is most intense. In the outpatient clinics, patients and their relatives need spaces where they can rest while patients are waiting for their examinations and where patient concentration can be met. Policlinic waiting areas; are the areas where they are expected to be examined together with the accompanying patients to be examined. The outpatient clinic consists of patients and relatives who come to the patient groups to be examined and outpatients and patient relatives to show the results of the tests. In today's health care system, alhough, there is an appointment patient tracking system in order to minimize waiting times, there is still a need for waiting areas where patients can be rested while they wait for their patients due to hospital capacities that are inadequate to meet the needs of the region. In this respect, patient waiting area designs are important. The neglect of waiting area design in hospital designs gives rise to different types of arrangements in case of waiting areas in our hospitals. These types are often encountered as a settlement over the circulation area. Within the scope of this thesis, it is aimed to examine different sized hospitals and evaluate patient waiting area designs and to answer the following questions: • Are the prescribed areas for polyclinic patient waiting areas satisfying the need? • How should the policlinic patient waiting areas be designed? • Are polyclinic patient waiting areas suitable for development and growth? • What is the effect of the circulation system on the quality of the space design? Literature research and case study were followed as thesis method. The thesis's literature study section has produced the hospital design theses, last publications, hospital books, the Ministry of Health, the World Health Organization (WHO) health legislation (laws, regulations, circulars, directives, regulations, communiqués). The thesis case study section consists of two phases; preliminary case study and case study. The preliminary case of study included personal observations and interviews with patients in the following provinces in Istanbul: • Göztepe Education and Research Hospital, • Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, • Şişli Hamidiye Etfâl Education and Research Hospital, • Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, • Bahçelievler State Hospital, • Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, • İstinye State Hospital, • Bezmi Alem Vakıf University Medical Faculty Hospital, • İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Hospital, • Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty Hospital, • Beşiktaş Sait Çiftçi State Hospital, • Private Florence Nightangle Gayrettepe Hospital, • Private Florence Nightangle Çağlayan Hospital, • Private Medical Park Bahçelievler Hospital. In the examined hospitals, the plans of the waiting rooms in the outpatient clinic were also examined and plan types were developed according to the settlement types. In case study; hospitals were identified and assessed using scoring technique using design and use efficiency of patient waiting areas and qualitative research method in observation-based case study to be used for post-design evaluations so as to form one sample for the developed plan types. Case study; • Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, • Şişli Hamidiye Etfâl Education and Research Hospital, • Istinye State Hospital, • Bezmi Alem Vakıf University Medical Faculty Hospital, • İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Hospital, • Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty Hospital were made in six different general hospitals. In field study based on personal observations; 'Thermometer software' to measure the temperature, 'light detector software' to measure the ambient light, 'decibelmeter' to measure the ambient noise, and thermometer to measure ambient temperature. In the evaluation section, quadruple scoring technique is used. On evaluation; The observation and measurement results of the patrol built according to the determined design criteria are evaluated as follows: • If the standard is +1, • Provides a positive contribution to the atmosphere and +2, • If it is non-standard -1, • If it is non-standard and affects the environment negatively, it is scored with -2 points. Patient waiting areas of hospitals where case studies were conducted; • Design and applications, • The waiting areas, program needs in the framework of today's health system, • The quality of the space design of patient waiting areas has been discussed with the design criteria. Findings obtained from the case study were evaluated within the framework of the standards developed by the International Standard Institute (ISO) and the National Institute of Standards (TSE) as well as in the various architectural design books. As a result of the study, it was observed that the majority of the hospital designs examined according to the required standards were inadequate in the polyclinic patient waiting area design. Keywords: Policlinic, Patient Waiting Areas, Standart, Design, Criterion.