The investgation of the effects of wood dust obtained from certain forest and fruit tree species on the mycelium development of hericium erinaceus

In this study; some forest (maple (Acer campestre L.), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.), beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky), oak (Quercus cerris L.), poplar (Populus alba L.)) and fruit trees (black mulberry (Morus nigra L.), apple (Malus pumila Mill.), hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.), walnut (Juglans regia L.), persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.)) branch pieces were ground into powder using a high-speed mill in the laboratory and 5g, 7.5g and 10g of malt extract agar (MEA) was added to the prepared medium and no addition was made to the control group to investigate which tree species was more effective in mycelial development. Branch pieces obtained from forest and fruit trees were pulverized using a high-speed mill in the laboratory and added to malt extract agar (MEA) media prepared with 250 ml of pure water in amounts of 5 g, 7.5 g and 10 g, respectively. The control group media was prepared and no additional additives were made. In the experiment, 9 cm diameter petri dishes were used and the petri dishes were sterilized by keeping them in a Pasteur oven at 180 ° C for 2 hours. The prepared media were first mixed with a magnetic stirrer and then sterilized in an autoclave at 121 ° C at 1 atm pressure for 15 minutes. The sterilized petri dishes were left under UV light for 15 minutes in a biosafety cabinet and then the sterilized media were distributed equally to the petri dishes in the same safety cabinet. After the media were poured into the petri dishes, they were kept under a UV lamp for 15 minutes and allowed to freeze in the cabinet. The solidified media were kept in a biosafety cabinet for two days and it was observed whether there was any contamination in the petri dishes during this period. In our studies, mycelia developed by tissue culture method from basidiocarps of Hericium erinaceus samples developed in the production rooms of Selçuk University Mushroom Application and Research Center Directorate were used. Fresh mycelia that were previously developed were sown in previously prepared media using mushroom borers in a biosafety cabinet in the form of round pieces containing 0.7 cm2 mycelia. The sown petri dishes were then incubated at 22-24 0C. After waiting for 1 day, the first measurement day was accepted as day 0 (first drawing) and mycelia measurements were made at 2-day intervals. Measurements continued until mycelia development in each petri dish completely covered the petri dish. Mycelial developments were also defined as sparse (mycelia that can be noticed individually in the form of threads and the medium is visible under the mycelia, superficial development), dense (mycelia that cannot be noticed individually in the form of threads, superficial development) and very dense (mycelia that show cottony development), live (whiteness is very noticeable) and non-live (whiteness is not very visible since development is weak). At the same time, the developments in all petri dishes belonging to each experiment were photographed one by one. The petri dishes were turned upside down on the drawing table and mycelial development lines were drawn on the petri dish and after all the drawings were completed, 9 cm diameter circles were prepared on tracing papers and the drawings made on the petri dishes were transferred to these circles. The drawings on the tracing papers were transferred to the computer and converted into numerical data in a program called Fiji. Then, an evaluation was made according to the numerical data and it was determined in which petri dishes the fastest and best mycelial development was and in which grams of added wood dust the development was better and it was prepared as a report. The experimental setups established were made with 3 repetitions and recorded differently. In addition, statistical results were obtained using numerical data. These results were evaluated by performing variance analysis in SPSS and ANOVA programs. According to the results of the SPSS analysis: In the 1st experimental analysis, it is seen that both tree species and nutrient level variables have statistically significant effects on the area. In addition, the interaction of these two variables was also found to be significant (p=0.007). It was observed that the most effective variable on the area was the tree species and oak stood out as the species that provided the highest mycelial development. In the nutrient amount application, it was concluded that there was a significant increase in the amounts of 7.5g and 10g compared to 5g, but there was no significant difference between 7.5g and 10g, therefore, additional nutrient additions may not always bring a significant increase. In the 2nd experimental analysis, it was seen that both tree species and nutrient level variables had statistically significant effects on the area. In addition, the interaction of these two variables was also statistically significant (p=0.006). Accordingly, it was observed that the highest area values were obtained from the combination of oak and 10g. In the 3rd experimental analysis, both tree species and nutrient level variables have a significant effect on the area. The tree species variable had a very strong effect and explained a large part of the variance (F= 65.94, p<0.001). The gram factor, which is the amount of nutrient, was also significant (F= 6.65, p= 0.002), but the magnitude of this effect was more limited compared to the tree species. On the other hand, the interaction between tree species and gram level was not statistically significant (p= 0.899). The tree species factor played a determining and dominant role. The effect of the amount of nutrient level was limited but statistically significant. The most efficient combination was 10 g application with high-performance species. In all experiments, it was determined that the best mycelial development was dense and lively in petri dishes containing oak wood dust, while the lowest mycelial development was sparse and lifeless in the control group. According to the obtained results, it was determined that the oak tree H. erinaceus species has the potential to be used in seed mycelial production Keywords: Lion's mane mushroom, growth medium, Hericium, mycelium growth, forest and fruit tree dust