Effects of resistance training applied with a velocity-based approach on selected motor characteristics

The aim of the study is to determine the effects of resistance training applied with percentage-based and velocity-based approaches on speed, jumping, agility and maximal strength performance. Twenty male students studying at the Faculty of Sports Sciences, who were actively involved in sports and had at least two years of resistance training experience participated in the study. In the pre-test phase of the study, the age, height and body weight values of all participants were determined and the 20m-40m sprint, counter-movement jump, 505 agility and 1 repetition maximal squat test, which were the performance tests determined at the beginning of the study, were applied to the participants. In addition, after the pre-test phase, the participants underwent resistance training at the determined intensities for 6 weeks, and in the post-test phase, all test protocols applied in the pre-test phase were applied. In the analysis of the data, the Shapiro-Wilk Test was applied to determine whether they showed a normal distribution, and when the kurtosis and skewness coefficients (Tabachnick, Fidell, & Ullman, 2013), were evaluated, it was determined that all scores were within the range of ±1,5. With the data providing normal distribution, 2 x 2 two-way ANOVA test was used to examine and evaluate the changes between the groups and within the groups (pre-test and post-test). It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the within-group, between-group and both group interaction (time*group) values obtained before and after the training in the force, power and speed parameters of the participants during the jump (p>0.05). When the data obtained as a result of the 505 test applied to the participants were examined, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the within-group pre-test and post-test values (p=0.039). When the data obtained as a result of the 1TM test applied to the participants were examined, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test values within the group (p=0.001). When the data obtained as a result of the 20-m, 40-m sprint and KHS tests applied to the participants were examined, it was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test values within the group (p>0.05). When the data obtained from the 20-m, 40-m sprint, KHS, 505 and 1TM tests applied to the participants were examined, it was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the groups and between the interaction values of both groups (p>0.05). In addition, in the effect size analysis, it was determined that the study group performing speed-based resistance exercise showed greater increases in jump height, agility and maximal strength values in the KHS, 505 and 1 TM test values. When the analyses were evaluated, it was concluded that both training approaches created a difference in a certain effect size in sprint, jump height, agility and maximal strength performances, but the training with a speed-based approach in particular created a higher difference in agility and maximal strength performances. Keywords: Velocity-based resistance training, Speed, Agility, Maximal strength