The evaluation of the nutritional element level in the grain of corn (Zea mays L.) growed in Iğdir region by soil and grain analysis

Grains constitute a large part of the main nutritional source in the world and in our country. Wheat, barley, corn and other grains are among the most important sources of nutrition. This study was carried out to evaluate the nutrient level of corn (Zea mays L.) grown in the Iğdır region, where the climatic conditions are suitable for corn cultivation, by soil and grain analysis. 15 different locations where corn cultivation is done intensively were determined and grain and soil samples were taken from the areas where corn plants are grown. Organic matter, soil reaction, lime state of the soil, texture class and some macro and micro nutrients were analyzed in soil samples. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese and zinc contents were determined in grain samples. According to the results of the analysis, it was determined that the soils in the study area are mostly salt-free, medium calcareous and low organic matter content. Nutrient content in soil samples; potassium and magnesium excess; calcium, copper, manganese were found to be sufficient; phosphorus, zinc and iron were found to be deficient. According to the findings obtained, the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese and zinc contents of the grain samples as minimum and maximum values was found between 0.83-1.4%, 0.4-0.66%; 2.6-4.2%; 0.34-0.41%; 0.89-1.16%; 18.5-28.2 mg kg-1; 0.8-2.7 mg kg-1; 2.6–6.8 mg kg-1; 16.1–26.5 mg kg-1, respectively. As a result of the thesis study, the insufficient organic matter content of the corn growing areas of the Iğdır region indicates that the organic matter should be raised in the related fields. The high rate of phosphorus, iron and zinc deficiencies in the soil emerges as measures to ensure that the fertilization is made for this and that the grain contents rich in these elements are obtained, especially for human and animal nutrition.