Evaluation of patient satisfaction, peri-implant tissue HEALTH and serumIL-6, CRP, SST-2 levels in implant treatments: A prospective cross-sectional study

Objective: To measure the patient satisfaction and knowledge level about the treatment during the maintenance phase in patients who received dental implant treatment, and to evaluate the effect of peri-implant tissue health on IL-6, CRP and sST-2 in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISS) and serum. Material and Method: 265 patients who received implant treatment were included in the study. In addition to the clinical and radiographic evaluation, the "Satisfaction-Positive Attitude" and "Knowledge" scales with "OHIP-14" were applied to the patients. In addition, IL-6, CRP and sST-2 levels were analyzed in PISS and serum samples from 69 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Results: The mean age of the patients participating in the study was 53.07. 57.7% (n=153) of the participants were female and 42.3% (n=112) were male. Of the 265 patients, 113 (42.6%) were included in the peri-implant health group, 88 (33.2%) were included in the peri-implant mucositis group, and 64 (24.2%) were included in the peri-implantitis group. Compared to the applied scale scores, OHIP-14 scores were higher in the peri-implantitis group (p<0.001). While the general satisfaction level of the participants from the implant treatment was high, it was observed that this satisfaction decreased significantly in the peri-implantitis group (p<0.001). OHIP-14 scores showed a negative correlation with patient satisfaction and a positive correlation with knowledge level. OHIP-14, satisfaction and knowledge scores are not affected by the age and gender of the participants. PISS volume increases with peri-implant disease severity (p<0.001). The total amount of sST-2 in PISS is higher in peri-implant diseases (p=0.043). In PISS, no difference was observed between the groups in terms of IL-6 level (p=0.415). While the serum CRP level was higher in the peri-implantitis group (p=0.034), there was no difference between the groups in terms of IL-6 (p=0.110) and sST-2 (p=0.247). Conclusion: In general, patients' satisfaction with dental implant treatment is high. This satisfaction decreases with peri-implant diseases. On the other hand, the increase in the OHIP-14 scores of the patients and the severity of the disease correlated with the increase in the level of knowledge. In other words, while the negative experiences and biological complications decreased the treatment satisfaction of the patients, the knowledge level of the patients increased after the negative experiences. While PISS volume increased with disease severity, sST-2 total amount also increased in peri-implant diseases. In serum, however, no significant relationship was observed with peri-implant diseases in terms of CRP, IL-6 and sST-2.