Investigation of the effects of different growth regulatory hormones and their doses on micropropagation tolerance of the ornamental plant dieffenbachia sp. under in vitro conditions

The ornamental plant industry has begun to develop rapidly in recent years. With the application of in vitro propagation techniques to ornamental plants, a large number of laboratories have emerged worldwide. As a result, hundreds of plant tissue culture laboratories have been established across the globe. Dieffenbachia species are popular leafy potted plants used in the interior landscaping of homes, offices, and shopping malls around the world. Most Dieffenbachia species are now propagated through tissue culture in order to better evaluate the species and accelerate plant growth. Further application of plant tissue culture techniques to Dieffenbachia is needed to investigate the responses of different varieties and explants to variable culture media. This study was conducted by selecting the best medium for Dieffenbachia growth, using lateral, apical, and leaf buds for direct propagation and callus production. Plant material was grown on full-strength MS medium with various hormones and different concentrations. We used three BAP concentrations, excluding the control with two NAA concentrations. The control also included two concentrations of 2,4-D. M1: MS + BAP (0; 1; 2; 3) mg/L + NAA (0; 0.1; 1) mg/L M2: MS + BAP (0; 1; 2; 3) mg/L + 2,4-D (0; 0.1; 0.6) mg/L The plants were subcultured once a month and transferred to rooting medium when they reached 3 cm in length. Then, the plants with roots longer than 3 cm were transferred to a peat moss and perlite (1:1) medium under controlled conditions (temperature and humidity), gradually reducing the humidity over a 28-day period until the plant was ready to survive outdoors.