Integrating blockchain in smart building systems: A framework for efficiency and scalability

The continuous development of humanity has resulted in the emergence of new needs and solutions, with the Industrial Revolution representing a pivotal turning point. This has heightened the significance of energy management, particularly within the construction industry, which is a significant consumer of energy. In the absence of effective energy management, there has been a notable increase in environmental and economic risks. In this context, smart building systems based on sensor data and internet connectivity have emerged. However, these present new challenges, including data storage and security. It is therefore crucial to ensure the secure storage and processing of data obtained from sensors in order to enhance the effectiveness of smart building. Blockchain technology has the potential to enhance the efficiency of energy management by ensuring the secure and transparent storage of data in a decentralised structure. This study aims to examine the solutions to prominent problems in smart buildings by weighing the solutions to blockchain technology with the Analytical Network Process method. Furthermore, it will discuss how blockchain technology can be used in data processing and security issues in smart buildings by combining these two concepts. The study is based on the keywords 'blockchain technology' and 'smart building' in the literature. In order to evaluate the recommendations derived from the literature analysis, the laboratory building is taken as a case study. This approach is intended to provide feasible solutions for data integration, security and decentralised management of smart buildings in energy management.