Investigation of spirality on single jersey fabrics

Knitting is formed by series of loops, intermeshing in rows, each hanging from the last. Each loop is called as a stitch; a vertical row of stitches is a wale and a horizontal row of stitches is a course. Knitting has been the traditional method of producing sweaters, underwear, hosiery, baby blankets and sportswear. Knitting is divided into two major branches; namely warp and weft knitting. Weft knitting is a process in which one yarn or yarn set is carried out back and fronth under needles to form a knitted fabric. In knitted fabrics, the loop structure provides the fabric with outstanding elasticity and this factor generally causes spirality. Spirality is defined as the distortion of a circular knitted fabric in which the wales in the fabric follow a spiral path around the axis of the knitted fabric. The wales are not perpendicular to courses as required but skew to the right or the left, forming an angle of spirality with the perpendicular. The main goal of this study is to determine and investigate the factors that affect spirality in circular single jersey knitted fabrics produced from different yarn production technologies, yarn twist direction, the weight of fabric, application of elastic yarn and dyeing process. According to experimental study perform which have effects on spirality are found. Key words: spirality, single jersey, yarn production technology, yarn twist, dyeing