Renewalism in the field of religious thought: Instances of Shariat Sangalaji, Ahmad Kasravi and Ali Akbar Hakamizadah

The last years of Qajars and the Pahlavid Era is a time being in which the renewalist religious thought commenced being established. It is especially after the constitutionalist revolution that the renewalist ideas in the field of religious thought started being at the agenda, modernist thinkers' critics affected the ulama, and for the first time, some remarkable criticism towards the main principles of Shia, its tradition and Shiite ulama was made by some scholars who are members of the ulama itself such as Shariat Sangalaji and Ali Akbar Hakamizadah and who are connected to this group such as Ahmad Kasravi. In this study, after the progress which Shia had followed until the 20th century was spoken of, the aforementioned names' lives and books, their criticism towards Shia and how it affected the renewalist religious idea was discussed. Keywords: Shariat Sangalaji, Ahmad Kasravi, Ali Akbar Hakamizadah, Renewalist Religious Thought, Shia.