Efficient secure coverage control with multi-objective evolutionary algorithms in wireless sensor networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) can be applied in large-scale applications such as military, surveillance, security, atmospheric monitoring, and medical applications. Effecient deployment effects solution of many problems including coverage, connectivity, security and energy efficiency. In WSNs, coverage and connectivity is a measurement of how well the target area can be monitored. Secure connection is an important factor affecting the reliability of the data during the delivery and collection of data. In addition, energy efficiency of WSNs is one of the important issues in the literature. This is due to the fact that battery replacement is an expensive if not impossible task in WSNs. In this study, using evolutionary algorithms (EA) such as MOEA/D and NSGA-II, we solve efficient secure coverage control problem in WSNs. We first modeled the problem mathematically. This model enables the user to choose one of the non-dominated solutions. Formulated optimization procedure shows the impact on overall system performance in terms of energy consumption, coverage and a secure connection with the results of the simulation environment. Obtained results show that there is a tradeoff between the energy efficiency and area coverage problems. When secure connection problem is also included and obtained non-dominated solutions are examined, the tradeoff maintains with different solutions.