Optimization of astaxanthin extraction conditions from shrimp byproducts: Determination of astaxanthin efficacy and quality of different polarized solvents

The aim of this investigate is to evaluate the shrimp processing residues by extracting the natural coloring matter found in the red shrimp (Aristaeomorpha foliacea) processing waste and astaxanthin known as a strong antioxidant under optimal conditions. For this purpose, Aristaeomorpha foliacea shrimp is brought to the faculty laboratory by cold chain firstly by taking the head and crusting process and obtaining shrimp byproduct to be the raw material of study. The shrimp processing byproduct was dried in freeze-dried and then ground with a hand-held blender. Then byproducts were standardized with 2 mm a pore diameter of strainer and ultrasonic asisted extraction method was done. Optimization of astaxanthin extraction conditions was made according to the Box and Behnken trial design of Response Surface Methodology. Optimization was done with the aim of maximal astaxanthin content and maximal antioxidant activity. In the study, it was tried to optimize astaxanthin extraction method from shrimp processing residue by testing the parameters such as extraction temperature (30-70 °C), extraction time (30-90 minutes) and biomass (shrimp increase): solvent ratio (1:10-1: 30). It has been determined that the biomass:solvent ratio has a significant effect. After optimizing using hexane as solvent, the effect of astaxanthin content and quality (antioxidative activity) in extracts of 6 solvents of different polarity such as hexane, acetone, chloroform, methanol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol under optimal conditions determined was tested. At the end of the study, it was determined that extraction parameters such as extraction temperature, solvent ratio and extraction time for astaxanthin extraction from red shrimp processing residues were not statistically significant. Optimum values for astaxanthin extraction at the highest amount and quality: extraction temperature: 41 ºC, extraction time: 88 minutes and optimum solvent: biomass ratio: 1:30 g/ml. The highest astaxanthin content under the determined optimum conditions was determined as 336.4 ±5.1 ppm Extracts made with different polarity solvents at the determined optimum conditions resulted in the highest astaxanthin content and the highest antioxidant activity rate was obtained with hexane, the lowest result was obtained by extraction with acetone.