Kavaklıdere (Muğla) güneyi neojen istiflerinin stratigrafisi, yapısal özellikleri ve petrografisi

The Mio-Pleistocene sequence of the Göktepe area (Southern Aegean, Turkey) is composed of the Turgut, Sekköy, Yatağan, Milet, and Sungur formations and unconformably overlays the tectonic boundary of the Menderes Massif and Lycian Nappes. The fossil evidence of the Turgut Formation indicates a warm, subtropical brackish/freshwater lacustrine environment in the late early to early middle Miocene. However, the fossil record of the middle-late middle Miocene presents a freshwater lacustrine environment under warm temperate climatic conditions. Radiometric data of the travertine type lacustrine carbonates located upper part of the Milet Formation show that the Göktepe travertines were deposited until ~364 ka (Middle Pleistocene). The carbonate fabrics, facies and components of the Göktepe travertines are classified as micrite fabrics and facies, spar fabrics and facies, zoned algal fabrics and facies, shrub fabrics and facies, biological components, and pores. These facies indicate a littoral and sublittoral shallow lake environment for the Göktepe travertines. The vertical facies changes are related to cyanobacteria variations because of water thickness and chemistry. The δ18O values of the travertines range between -11.34 ‰ and -7.93 ‰ PDB and δ13C values change between -4.64 ‰ and 3.65 ‰ PDB. The upwardly decreasing carbon values and increasing on oxygen values may indicate that the climatic conditions are changed from cold-dry conditions to wet-warmer conditions The oscillations in stable isotope values, limited fossil content, deficiency in the variety of fauna and flora, the existence of paleosol levels indicate frequently fluctuation of the lake water due to climatic changes (temperature and rainfall). Our microfacies and stable isotope results contribute to further evidence for the climatic conditions of the MIS 11 interglacial periods for the Aegean region.