Effects of in ovo injection and feed supplementation of kefir on broiler chicken performance, intestinal microbiota and histomorphology

This study was conducted to determine the effects of administration of kefir on broiler chickens by two different methods (in ovo injection and rationale addition) to the performance, organ weights, intestinal histomorphology, intestinal microbiota, erythrocyte morphology and heterophyll lymphocyte ratio. Two independent experiments have been conducted for this. The study 1; 135 Ross 308 eggs were placed in the incubator. After fertility control, on the 18th day of incubation, 3 different solutions were injected into the egg as control (pure water), 7% kefir and 14% kefir. The chicks from the hatching continued to feed with basal feed for 21 days. The study 2 was fed to feeds of one day old broiler chickens for 21 days with the feed mixes indicated by dividing them into basal feed + (0.1%) kefir, basal feed + (0.2%) kefir and control (without kefir addition) groups. In the experiment, chicks were grown in 4x1.5x0.5 m sized 4-layer wire chick breeding cages. Feed and drinking water were given ad libitum at the experiment. Drinking water was provided with nipple juices. On the 21st day of both experiments, animals were weighed and sampled for analysis. In experiment 1, it was determined that kefir injection at 7 and 14 doses did not have a significant effect on performance and organ weights. When the ileum and sex microbiotics were examined, LAB values were highest in the 7% kefir injections (5,28 ± 0,20 and 6,85 ± 0,08) and the difference between the groups was significant in terms of statistical significance (p <0,05). In the study, parameters of duodenum, jejunum and ileum thicknesses of cervical eni-length, villi width, lamina muskularis were examined. The highest values of crypt size and width in duodenum, jejunum and ileum were found in 7% kefir injection group; the highest values were found in 14% kefir injection group. It was seen that the effect of kefir injections of 7% and 14% was significant in positive direction and statistically in small intestinal histomorphology compared to the control group (p <0,05). In this study, erythrocyte morphology and H / L ratios of blood parameters were examined and the effect of kefir injection was found statistically significant. In experiment 2, 0.1% and 0.2% of kefir additions had a positive effect on performance, especially 0.2% kefir supplementation was found to favorably reduce feed utilization by encouraging CAA. However, it was determined that there was no significant effect on internal organ and intestinal parameters (p> 0.05). It was determined that the highest value of positive addiction of 0.2% in small intestine histomorphologic parameters was seen in this group and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p <0,05). The H / L ratio was found to be highest in the treatment groups and the treatment group had negative effects on the treatment group. As a result, positive effects were observed on the performance of kefir given by adding to feeds or ovulating eggs. In terms of the other parameters, the two methods also lead to different results. Key words: in ovo injection, kefir, broiler, performance