Comparison of effects of epidurally administered bupivacaine morphine combination as bolus, i̇ntermittent bolus and continious i̇nfusion i̇n DOGS

In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of morphine-bupivacaine combination as bolus, intermittent bolus and continuous infusion used in epidural anesthesia in dogs under sevoflurane general anesthesia. In this study, I or II. 12 dogs were included in the study and were randomly divided into three groups (bolus group n: 4; intermittent bolus group n: 4; continuous infusion group n: 4). The ages of the patients were between 2-6 years (mean, 3,33 ± 0,98 years) and body weights were between 13-27 kg (mean, 19,95 ± 5,19 kg). Preoperatively, 0.5 mg / kg intravenous diazepam was used before surgery. All groups were intubated immediately after intravenous propofol administration at a dose of 4 mg / kg. For maintenance of anesthesia, inhalation anesthesia sevoflurane was used. Continuous anesthesia and oxygenation was achieved by using sevoflurane until the end of the operation. In order to produce epidural analgesia, the combination of morphine at a dose of 0.1 mg / kg-1 and 0.5% bupivacaine at a dose of 1.0 mg / kg-1 was adjusted so that the total amount of fluid to be delivered to the epidural cavity was 0.4 ml / kg, the total drug mixture was 0.22 ml / The dose was adjusted to be kg. If the drug dose did not meet the total amount of fluid to be administered, 0.9% isotonic NaCL was added not to exceed 6 ml in total. Group 1 Bolus (B) (n: 4): The prepared solution was applied to the epidural cavity with the help of an epidural catheter for 30 seconds. Group 2 Intermittent Bolus (IB) (n: 4): The total volume of the fluid, which was calculated to be completed in 10 minutes with the help of an epidural catheter, was administered to the epidural cavity by dividing into 5 by 2 minutes intervals. Group 3 Continuous Infusion (CI) (n: 4): The prepared solution was applied to the epidural cavity with the help of an epidural catheter at a constant rate within 20 minutes. Weight, age, sex, race information, endotracheal tube sizes, drug quantities and times of administration, intubation and extubation hours and monitoring parameters, compliance, minimal alveolar concentration (MAC), monitored every 10 minutes during anesthesia. minute volume (MV) respiration rate, pulse, pulse oximeter, noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) and body temperature (0C)) were recorded. Sevoflurane maintenance was discontinued after the operation was completed and extubation was initiated with the onset of swallowing reflex in the dog. The epidural catheter was removed in all cases immediately after the end of epidural administration. Pain scoring of the cases; physiological changes (heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, body temperature) and animal behavior (response to palpation, activity, mental status and barking) are based on the Melbourne University Pain Assessment Scale postoperative 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours. Additional analgesia was planned in cases with total pain score above 7. In the evaluation of sensorial block and voluntary motor block; Preoperative, postoperative 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours were recorded. Engine block Jay McDonnell. In addition, respiratory rate, pulse, pulse oximetry, noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) and body temperature (oC) values were recorded at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours postoperatively. Analgesia in continuous infusion, intermittent bolus, and bolus via epidural anesthesia using the bupivacaine-morphine combination was compared with the Melbourne Pain Scale, which showed that the continuous infusion group had the highest pain score and the bolus group had the lowest pain score. analgesia was consistent with the literature data obtained from people. In addition, continuous pain and intermittent bolus administration provided sufficient analgesia in all cases in our study because the total postoperative pain score did not reach a value of 7 and above and no additional analgesic was required in any case. When the motor block and sensory block times were compared, it was found that the motor block was the longest continuous infusion and the shortest was the bolus group; In the continuous infusion group, the sensorial block was longer than the other two groups. In the light of the data obtained in our study in order to reveal the differences in the duration of the motor and sensory block after the operation and epidural anesthesia and the quality and length of analgesia depending on the route of administration of the anesthetic in patients undergoing ovariohysterectomy; continuous infusion administration provides longer postoperative analgesia and motor and sensory block than the other two applications; bolus administration provided better quality analgesia than UMPS. In addition, no additional analgesic was required in all cases and all dogs recovered from anesthesia without any neurological sequelae or complications.