The relationship between MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G), MMP-2 (-1306 C/T), MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) gene variations and serum iron, copper, zinc levels in patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease

"The relationship between MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G), MMP-2 (-1306 C/T), MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) gene variations and serum iron, copper, zinc levels in patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease", Trakya University, Institute of Health Science, Biophysics Department, Master Thesis, Edirne, 2024. Background and Aim: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the most common diseases that affects thousands of adults every year due to both environmental and genetic influences all over the world. It is very important to identify these gene variations in order to understand the pathology of the disease. It is thought that evaluating gene variations and trace elements together can make significant contributions to taking clinical precautions for early diagnosis in people at risk of CAD. In our study; examining the relationship between MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G), MMP-2 (-1306 C/T), MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) gene variations and serum iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) levels in patients diagnosed with CAD and It was aimed to determine possible risk factors that are thought to cause CAD. Material and Methods: 110 CAD patients and 110 control groups were included in the study, and genetic predisposition was determined by applying gene variations, genotype distributions, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods from DNA samples obtained from peripheral venous blood. For serum trace element measurements, solutions were prepared from titrisol standard solution. Concentrationcalibration graphs of the elements were drawn by applying standard solutions to the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Shimadzu AA-6800) with air-acetylene gas mixture suitable for each element. Fe, Cu and Zn levels were determined in the serum samples of each group. Results: Between the group of individuals diagnosed with coronary artery disease and the healthy control group, the MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G) gene variation was found to be 2G/2G higher in the patient group, while 1G/2G was higher in the control group and MMP-2 (-1306 C/T) ) gene variation, while the TT genotype was found to be higher in the patient group, the CC genotype was found to be higher in the control group, the 5A/6A genotype was found to be higher in the MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) patient group than the control group, and the 5A/5A genotype was found to be higher in the control group. Genotype distributions of MMP-1 (- 1607 1G/2G), MMP-2 (-1306 C/T), MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) gene variations and statistical data on serum Fe, Cu, Zn levels and Cu/Zn ratio. When evaluated as; A statistically significant difference was found between the 5A/6A-6A/6A genotypes of MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) gene variations and serum Zn levels. Conclusion: As a result of our study; For the patient group diagnosed with CAD, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cholesterol and smoking may be risk factors for the disease, MMP-1 (- 1607 1G/2G) gene variation 2G/2G, MMP-2 (-1306 C/T) gene variation. Individuals carrying TT variation and MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) gene variation 5A/5A genotypes may be more likely to develop CAD, and serum Fe, Cu, Zn levels and Cu/Zn ratio may be values that should be monitored in CAD, 5A/6A-6A/6A genotypes of MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) gene variation can be evaluated together with Zn and may contribute to taking the necessary precautions before the disease occurs in individuals at clinical risk of CAD. We can state that evaluating these and trace elements together can make significant contributions to taking clinical preventive measures. Keywords: Coronary artery disease, MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G), MMP-2 (-1306 C/T), MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) gene variations, trace elements. Financial Support: The study was supported by the Coordinatorship of Scientific Research Projects of Trakya University. Project No: 2023/41