Felix culpa theodicy against the problem of evil

Alvin Plantinga, one of the leading thinkers of Western philosophy of religion, is a contemporary figure who has come to the fore with his studies on the rationality of belief in God in religious epistemology and his contributions to philosophy. One of the fundamental ideas of this contemporary figure that draws attention to the world of philosophy is his work on the problem of evil. In the early stages of his academic career, Plantinga addressed the logical problem of evil within the framework of the 'Free Will Defense' and explained God's reason for not preventing evil by creating beings with free will. Later, he developed a theodicy based on the idea that God's permission for evil in the world enables the realization of incarnation and atonement. He systematically presented this theodicy in his article "Supralapsarianism or O Felix Culpa" in 2004. In his article, Plantinga claimed that evil is a tool in God's ultimate plan, that its existence is not random but serves a specific purpose and that the goodness resulting from incarnation and atonement surpasses existing evils. In this study, the Felix Culpa theodicy and the criticisms directed towards this theodicy are brought to the agenda.