Design of Ku band microstrip patch antenna and analysis of effect of various slots formed on the antenna to antenna radiation

The aim is to design a slotted microstrip patch antenna that can be used in Ku band satellite communication technologies. In the frequency spectrum, the Ku band frequency range is 12-18 GHz. Ku band frequency range is used in satellite communication systems since it has regional communication. Satellite communication technologies develop so rapidly. In light of these developments, it is necessary to modernize the equipment to be used in satellite communication in order to meet the ever increasing needs. These hardware are smaller in size, providing multiple services at the same time, but larger bandwidths are required for downloading and uploading data at high speeds. Ku band slotted microstrip patch antenna designs can be used to meet the requirements. Microstrip patch antennas are preferred in many fields such as aerospace industry, wireless communication, military systems, GPS applications through of their small size planar structure, being very light, ease of mounting, gaining various features with modifications that can be made on the radiating patch, and being easily produced by printed circuit techniques. The disadvantages of microstrip patch antennas are the low radiation efficiency, the high quality factor, the fake radiation from the feed zone and the narrow bandwidths. By using a number of methods, these undesirable disadvantages can be minimized. In this study, Ku band slotted microstrip patch antennas with microstrip feeding were emphasized. Firstly, reference Ku band microstrip patch antenna had been designed at 12 GHz resonance center frequency by using transmission line method calculations. The dimensions of the reference Ku band microstrip patch antenna at 12 GHz resonance center frequency were calculated using by Rogers RT/duroid 6002 dielectric material with the standard thickness of 1,524 mm. The effect of the slits and slot of various shapes and sizes on the radiated patch which was designed without changing the dimensions of the reference Ku band microstrip patch antenna was examined and evaluated. The antennas were designed, optimized and simulated via Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio (CST MWS).